Search # to go to Page Search * to go to Sections * Myanmar Disability-Inclusive Disaster Risk Reduction (DiDRR) Handbook "Promoting Inclusive Disaster Resilience at the Community Level" Logo: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Thailand Thailand International Cooperation Agency (TICA) Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Asia-Pacific Development Center on Disability (APCD) * #Page 3 Table of Contents Authors 4 Acronyms 4 About this book 4 Section 1:Introduction 5 Disaster Risk Profile 5 Objectives 7 Challenges of Person with Disabilities 7 Opportunities of Person with Disabilities 8 Section 2:Principles of DRR DiDRR 9 Definition of Disaster Risk Reduction 9 Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 9 Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 11 Sustainable Development Goals SDGs 11 Incheon Strategy to "Make the Right Real" for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific, 2013-2022 12 Social Model/Disability Equility Training DET related to DRR 12 Inclusion 15 Universal design 16 Section 3: How to use the accessible Handbook 17 Section 4: Program for 3-5 day-training course on DiDRR in the participants 'countries 23 Appendixes 27 References 28 #Page 4 Authors Ms. Nilar Tun, Director ( Division ) Department of Disaster Management Ms. Wai Kyi Phyo, Project Manager ( Humanity & Inclusion ) Acronyms APCD Asia Pacific Development Centre on Disability DDPM Department of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation DET Disability Equality Training DiDRR Disability-Inclusive Disaster Risk Reduction IEC Information Education and Communication JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency OCHA United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) OPDs Organization of Person with Disabilities PWD Person with Disabilities SDG Sustainable Development Goal TCTP Third Country Training Program TICA Thailand International Coorperation Agency UNESCAP United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific UNCRPD United Nation Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities About this book Myanmar is taking positive steps towards reducing the risks and vulnerabilities of persons with disabilities in disaster situation by trying to promote disability inclusive DRR awareness and knowledge. As part of the action plans from the Course 1 onsite Third Country Training Program (TCTP) training course in February 2023 hosted by TICA, JICA and APCD, two action plans were implemented to enhance the DIDRR concept at individual level, community level and organizational level. The first action plan is school-based disaster risk reduction drill for earthquakes at the Sama Mountain Great Charity School in Nay Pyi Taw with the collaboration with the Department of Disaster Management, Township General Administrative Department, school teachers, and students. After the drill, around 100 students were better equipped with the knowledge and awareness of earthquake-inclusive disaster preparedness. We could introduce the concept of Person with Disability are not different from other groups, in particular, they could participate in some activities like students. The second action plan focuses on empowering and promoting the knowledge of inclusive disaster risk reduction to health care staff, communities, and members from organizations of persons with disabilities (OPDs), charity ambulance service provider organizations and charity community clinics to be more inclusive in disaster preparedness information, education, and communication (IEC) pamphles for pre, during and post-earthquake senarios. The IEC is designed inclusively with local languages and social model #Page 5 of disability, emphasizing the vulnerability. During “Course 2: Training of Trainers Handbook and Development of Recommendations”, participants learned about DiDRR implementation and community participation, UNESCAP learning tools, explored the activities of DDPM in Thailand, and visited sites that were affected by the 2004 Tsunami (Memorial Center, Museum, Evacuation tower) which took place at Phuket and Bangkok, Thailand. This booklet serves as a reference for a comprehensive and accessible resource that equips individuals, communities, organizations, and governments with the knowledge, tools, and strategies needed to effectively reduce the impact of disasters. Moreover, this handbook helpful in methodologies for assessing and understanding the risks associated with disasters especially earthquake. It provides the challenges and opportunities of Person with Disabilities pre, during and after the disaster. This handbook covers the current laws and policies related to Disability-Inclusive Disaster Risk Reduction in Myanmar. Section 1 : Introduction 1.1 Disaster Risk Profile The Republic of the Union of Myanmar (henceforth, Myanmar) is a country located in Southeast Asia, sharing borders with Bangladesh, India, China, Laos and Thailand, facing the Andaman Sea and Bay of Bengal in the south and southwest. The country’s total land area is 676,590 square kilometres, characterized by hilly and mountainous topography (FAO, 2011). The area is generally divided into five regions: the northern mountains, the western ranges, eastern plateau, the central basin and its lowlands as well as the low-lying coastal plains (Aung-Thwin, et al., 2019). In terms of climate, Myanmar is located in the tropical region, experiencing high temperatures, humidity and copious annual rainfall (depending on the monsoon conditions, altitude and location). Myanmar is exposed and vulnerable to a myriad of natural and anthropogenic hazards depending on the location, regional weather and geological conditions and topography, among other factors. These spatial characteristics can be seen in Figure 1. Approximately half of total number of disasters in the country are caused by flooding, followed by storms (23 percent), earthquakes (15 percent) and mass soil movement (12 percent) (JICA, 2015). Heavy monsoon rainfall has triggered flooding in Rakhine and in the Southeast where more than 80,000 people have been affected since early August. (update from UNOCHA, Sep 2023). Increased risks of flash flooding must also be acknowledged. Occurring as a consequence of rapid rainfall and impermeable surfaces and/or low soil’s absorption capacity, such events may rapidly endanger large numbers of people and infrastructure. Other hazards include droughts, wildfires, potential for tsunamis, as well as major epidemics and technological disasters originating from industrial or transport accidents. Disasters and hazards do not affect the country equally. Their impacts and prevalence depend on regional weather conditions, exposure to bodies of water, soil conditions, and topography alongside plethora of other factors. For example, few major cities and urban centers are located in the vicinity of the active Sagaing Fault, which makes seismic risks highly localized. It extends throughout south of Putao and Katha through Sagaing, and continues alongside the eastern #Page 6 parts of Bago Yomas and Bago with a total length of approximately 1,500 kilometers (Department of Meteorology and Hydrology, 2009). Landslides are also localized to hilly and mountainous areas, especially in the northern regions. Geomorphologically, Myanmar has two mountainous provinces: The Western Ranges and Eastern Highlands, within which risks are high due to steep slopes and unstable soil conditions worsened by heavy monsoonal precipitation (Department of Meteorology and Hydrology, 2009). Disasters in Myanmar, like in many other countries, can disproportionately affect vulnerable populations, exacerbating existing inequalities and challenges. Disasters can have particularly severe impacts on vulnerable groups due to various factors such as poverty, limited infrastructure, geographical location, ethnic and social marginalization, limited access to information, health and healthcare access, livelihood dependence, and gender disparities. Figure 1. Myanmar natural hazard risks, issued March 22, 2011 (OCHA, 2011). #Page 7 1.2 Objectives -To promote the key content, learning experiences, and good practices from the first and second training -To utilize the handbook as the references for the training of trainers for DiDRR in Myanmar -To enhance the inclusion and active participation of person with disabilities (persons with physical disability) during the disaster evacuation drill -To raise the awareness on the Disability inclusive Disaster Risk Reduction DiDRR concept to key stakeholders -To highlight the diverse needs and capacities of people with disabilities during disasters 1.3 Challenges of Person with Disabilities during the disasters During disasters in Myanmar, persons with disabilities (PWDs) face unique challenges and encounter specific opportunities. Some of the key challenges and opportunities that PWDs were presented as follows: A.) Inclusion and Accessibility Person with Disabilities (PWDs) often face difficulties accessing essential services and facilities during disasters due to physical barriers, lack of ramps, inaccessible transportation, and incomplete infrastructure. B.) Limited accessible route in evacuation and shelter Person with Disabilities (PWDs) may encounter obstacles during evacuation processes, such as lack of accessible transportation or inadequate facilities, private area for the psychosocial impaired person in shelters that furnish to their specific needs. C.) Communication barrier Person with Disabilities (PWDs) especially those with hearing or speech impairments, may struggle to receive timely and accurate information during emergencies due to communication barriers and limited access to inclusive communication methods. And due to the weak awareness knowledge of rescue volunteers on sign language and this may hinder to rescue the person with disabilities during emergency. D.) Discrimination and Stigma Person with Disabilities (PWDs) may face discrimination and stigma, which can worsen during times of crisis. They may be overlooked or neglected when relief efforts are being provided. #Page 8 E.) Healthcare and Support Person with disabilities (PWDs) require specialized healthcare and support services during and after disasters. However, limited access to healthcare facilities, medication, assistive devices, and support personnel can exacerbate their vulnerability. 1.4 Opportunities of Person with Disabilities It is essential to address the challenges faced by PWDs during disasters and recognize the opportunities available to ensure their inclusion and safety in emergency situations. By adopting inclusive approaches and involving PWDs in decision-making processes in order to become more effective, equitable, and resilient community for inclusive disaster management. The following are some opportunities for person with disabilities PWDs. A.) Inclusive Planning and Preparedness Disaster management authorities can leverage the involvement of person with disabilities (PWDs) and disability organizations in planning and preparedness processes. This collaboration ensures that the specific needs of PWDs are considered, resulting in more inclusive and effective disaster response. B.) Capacity Building and Training Providing training programs for emergency responders, volunteers, and community members on disability inclusion can enhance their understanding of disability-related issues and improve their ability to support PWDs during emergencies. C.) Technology and Innovation Advances in assistive technologies and inclusive design can help overcome barriers faced by PWDs. These technologies can include accessible communication tools, emergency notification systems, and mobility aids that enhance the independence and safety of PWDs during disasters. D.) Community Engagement Engaging the local community, including PWDs and their organizations, fosters a sense of ownership and ensures that the specific needs and capacities of PWDs are integrated into disaster response efforts. E.) Advocacy and Awareness Increased awareness about the rights and capabilities of PWDs can help reduce discrimination and stigma. Advocacy efforts should focus on promoting inclusive policies, practices, and legislation to protect the rights and well-being of Person with Disabilities (PWDs) during disasters. #Page 9 Section 2 : PRINCIPLEs of DRR/ DiDRR 2.1 Disaster Risk Profile Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) means the concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through systematic efforts to analyze and manage the factors that cause disasters, including through reduced exposure to hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and property, wise management of land and the environment, and improved preparednessfor disaster events. (Disaster Management Rules-2015) DRR aims to reduce the impacts of disasters and enhance the resilience of communities and infrastructure to effectively cope with and recover from disasters. Note: There was not a specific, standalone “disability-inclusive disaster risk reduction" definition provided by the government in Myanmar, there is still a need to ensure the rights of persons with disability in disaster management and risk reduction efforts. 2.2 Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015-2030) is an international agreement adopted by United Nations member states in March 2015. It outlines a set of priorities, principles, and actions to guide global efforts in reducing disaster risk and building resilience to disasters over a 15-year period. #Page 10 Figure 2 chart of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Reduction #Page 11 2.3 Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Myanmar signed the UNCRPD on December 7, 2011, indicating its commitment to uphold the rights of persons with disabilities, dignity, and well-being of persons with disabilities in alignment with international standards. -To ensure the protection and safety of persons with disabilities in situations of risk, including situations of armed conflict, humanitarian emergencies, and the occurrence of natural disasters. -To specify addresses the rights and freedoms of persons with disabilities. -To protect and save persons with disabilities in any situation. 2.4 Sustainable Development Goals SDG Sustainable Development Goals that are particularly relevant to Disability-Inclusive Disaster Risk Reduction DiDRR are; SDG 3: Good Health and Well-Being: Inclusive DRR involves providing access to healthcare, rehabilitation, and psychosocial support for persons with disabilities during and after disasters in Myanmar. SDG 4: Quality Education: Disability-inclusive DRR includes ensuring that educational institutions are prepared to support students with disabilities during emergencies in Myanmar. SDG 5: Gender Equality: Inclusive DRR efforts in Myanmar should aim to address the specific needs of women and girls with disabilities during disasters, ensuring their protection and participation. SDG 9: DiDRR should focus on concerning building sound infrastructure, values perspectives of persons with disabilities, particularly in areas affected by disasters. -To build resilient infrastructure for PWDs. -To promote PWD’s inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation. SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities: Inclusive DRR initiatives in Myanmar should focus on creating accessible urban environments and infrastructure that benefit everyone, including persons with disabilities. SDG 16: Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions: Disability-inclusive DRR efforts in Myanmar should involve strengthening legal frameworks and institutions to prioritize the rights and needs of persons with disabilities during disasters. #Page 12 SDG 17: Partnerships for the Goals: In Myanmar, disability-inclusive DRR requires better collaboration among the government, civil society organizations, disability groups, and other stakeholders to achieve shared goals of resilience and inclusivity. 2.5 Incheon Strategy to “Make the Right Real” for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific, 2013-2022 Central to the Incheon Strategy is the establishment of reliable and comparable disability baseline data for the core indicators by the midpoint of the Asian and Pacific Decade of Persons with Disabilities (2013-2022), as source-critical means of tracking progress towards the achievement of the goals and targets. -To establish reliable and comparable disability baseline data. -To track the achievement of the goals and targets toward PWDs. Key principles and policy direction The Incheon Strategy is based on the principles of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: A) Respect for inherent dignity, individual autonomy, including the freedom to make one’s own choices, and independence of persons; B) Non-discrimination; C) Full and effective participation and inclusion in society; D) Respect for difference and acceptance of persons with disabilities as part of human diversity and humanity; E) Equality of opportunity; F) Accessibility; G) Equality between men and women; H) Respect for the evolving capacities of children with disabilities and respect for the right of children with disabilities to preserve their identities. 2.6 Social Model/ Disability Equity Training DET related to DRR Social Model: “defines disability as a consequence of environmental, social, economic, and attitudinal barriers that prevent persons with disabilities from fully participating in society. The social model differs from the medical model because people are viewed as being disabled by society rather than by their impairments.” #Page 13 The social model of disability is now the internationally recognized way to view and address ‘disability’. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) marks the official paradigm shift in attitudes towards people with disability and approaches to disability concerns. Interactive Social Model: “disability is not considered as a characteristic of the person, but rather the result of interaction between the person and his/her environment.” Legislation The Rights of the Persons with Disabilities Law aims to: Take better care of the persons with disabilities in accordance with the Constitution; -To implement more effectively the provisions for the rights of persons with disabilities that are recognized in the UN Convention; -To enable the persons with disabilities enjoy the human rights and fundamental freedoms of citizens on an equal basis with others; -To integrate in the society of different fields such as politics, social, education, health, economic, culture, and public affairs on an equal basis with others; etc. Employer Legal Requirements Law on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities “possible introduction of a requirement for companies to employ a quota (percentage) of persons with disabilities to be set by the National Committee, which was established in September 2017. Legislation and Policy The social model of disability highlights the need for comprehensive legislation and policies that protect the rights of PWDs and promote their inclusion. Myanmar can benefit from enacting disability-inclusive laws, such as Disaster Management Law 2013 and Rules 2015, (The Law of the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2015), Rules and Regulations 2017, National Strategic Plan on mainstreaming of PWDs (2022-2027) has been approved by the Government in line with ASEAN enabling master plan 2025, anti-discrimination laws, accessibility standards, and policies that address the specific needs and concerns of PWDs. Employment and Economic Opportunities Accessibility Requirements Access to physical environments, such as buildings, transportation, public spaces, and infrastructure, is crucial for the inclusion of PWDs. The social model emphasizes the need to eliminate architectural barriers and create accessible environments that enable independent mobility and equal participation. #Page 14 -wheelchair accessible parking should be available -A level entrance into the facility -An elevator if meetings are held in rooms above the first floor -Wheelchair accessible restroom facilities that are close by -Signage indicating where accessible facilities are located -Tactile signage such as restrooms, meeting rooms, and other facility functions and services The Rights of the Persons with Disabilities Law – Chapter 10 The employer shall, make appropriate arrangements including interviewing, the equal rights for interviewing salaries and opportunities, promotion, job security, access to the free vocational education and training based on employability of the persons with disabilities. PWDs in Myanmar often face challenges in accessing employment opportunities due to discrimination, limited access to vocational training, and inaccessible workplaces. The social model emphasizes the need to remove barriers and create inclusive employment policies, practices, and environments that enable PWDs to participate fully in the workforce. -Myanmar’s census from 2014 showed that 2.3 million people (4.6%) are living with a disability. -Only 29% of males with disabilities are in the labor force -Only 15% of females with disabilities are in the labor force Inclusive education The social model highlights the importance of inclusive education, where PWDs have equal access to quality education in mainstream schools. In Myanmar, promoting inclusive education practices and providing reasonable accommodations can empower PWDs and enhance their educational opportunities. It can encourage persons with disabilities as major stakeholders and it is important to engage persons with disabilities in decision-making processes on DRR. DET related to DiDRR Disability Equality Training is a participatory process where people are introduced to the real issues and discrimination facing all disabled people with a view to them changing their behaviour, policies and practices. As with other equality training, Disability Equality Training DET courses are designed and delivered by the people who have directly experienced discrimination i.e. qualified disabled trainers who experience disability as a form of social oppression and therefore truly understand the reality of living in a disabling society. #Page 15 DET is about: -The Social Model of Disability -Disabled people leading the training -Examining the barriers faced by disabled people in society -Questioning stereotypes, myths and misconceptions about disabled people -A commitment to change 2.7 Inclusion -Ensure that persons with disabilities have a seat at the table. -Remove barriers to the full participation of persons with disabilities. -Increase awareness among governments on the needs of persons with disabilities. -Collect data that is inclusive of persons with disabilities. -“Build back better” by improving accessibility for persons with disabilities. Ensure that persons with disabilities have a seat at the table Persons with disabilities and organizations of person with disabilities (OPDs) have invaluable knowledge, experience, and expertise about how to make disaster risk reduction activities responsive to their needs. So, It is important to train organizations of person with disabilities (OPDs) to enhance the knowledge, experience and expertise in the filed for Disability inclusive Disaster Risk Reduction. Remove barriers to the full participation of persons with disabilities Persons with disabilities face physical, informational, communication, and other barriers that prevent them from participating in full. -To reduce the physical barriers (Access paths, Building designs, and Layout of rooms) -To promote DRR stakeholders’ knowledge on how to support PWDs, skills, and capacity needed to mainstream DiDRR.(Training, Meeting) -To link DRR stakeholders to Organization of Person with Disabilities (OPDs) and PWDs. (Workshop, Meeting) #Page 16 Increase awareness among governments on the needs of persons with disabilities Persons with disabilities may not give priority to their well-being during disaster response and recovery. It is thus critical to build government awareness about the needs of persons with disabilities. -To increase government staff and other stakeholders to build awareness about the needs of persons with disabilities. -To train Persons with disabilities in their well-being disaster preparedness, during disaster response, and recovery. Collect data that is inclusive of persons with disabilities Data and statistics disaggregated by disability are simply not available, this can make it challenging to implement disaster risk reduction activities, which are responsive to the needs of persons with disabilities. -To make available inclusive PWDs when implementing disaster risk reduction activities. (data defining, data collecting, data structuring, data delivering) “Build back better” by improving accessibility for persons with disabilities Disaster recovery efforts should strive to improve accessibility for persons with disabilities. -To support accessibility for persons with disabilities in the Recovery phase. -To effort to improve accessibility for persons with disabilities, to get build back better in Disaster recovery. 2.8 Universal Design Accessibility Accessibility is the design of products, devices, services, vehicles, and environments to be usable by persons with disabilities. -To build Accessibility of a bathroom and toilet. -To provide needs to any persons with disabilities. -To help convince any services. -To assist vehicles with more conveniences -To establish more familiarity with the environments. -To give more usable things accessible. #Page 17 The concept of accessible design and practice of accessible development ensures both "direct access" and "indirect access". Direct access -To guide will provide information about creating accessible digital materials. (sight, sound, touch) Indirect access -To assist compatibility with a person's assistive technology (computer screen readers, research and development in accessibility) Section 3 : How to use the accessible Handbook Roles of Resource persons/ Facilitators -Person with Disabilities who already received the training of trainers course (differentiated by mobility disabilities and functional disabilities) -Emergency rescue volunteers -Local external technical experts for some interactive session Target participants -Person with Disabilities (differentiated by kinds of psychosocial disabilities, mobility disabilities, functional disabilities) and their caregivers -Trainers and Facilitators (members from organizations of person with disabilities) -General community people including women, who both are knowing of basic knowledge about disaster risk reduction and none of foundation. -Emergency responders -Total participants should be 25 persons Materials/ equipment -Whiteboard (or) flipchart for trainers who prefer paper-based methods to illustrate their points -Video projector (or) large screen -Computer -Training materials such as marker Pen (colorful), training notepad, ball pens, notebooks -Printing documents (handout, pre and post questionnaires, training attendant format) #Page 18 -Training evaluation form (Goggle) -Other training materials (Electrical outlets, scissors, color pencils, paper tape, clips, small rewards for group work competition etc.) Training Methodology -The training will be facilitated by a participatory approach -Group Discussion, role-play activities, use of drawings, posters, questions, and answers sessions will be involved. -Training Pre and Post-test for knowledge improvement, evaluation sessions after each training day will be conducted as part of the training. -Sign language interpreter will be allocated during the whole training to assist the person with a disability, members from the organization of persons with disabilities so that they could participate and discuss every training activity. -Will use assistive technology showing awareness-raising video (DAISY, E-Pub) Training Venue arrangement -Accessibility for participants -slope for wheelchair users at the entrance -Elevator (buttons for choosing floor) should be accessible for wheelchair user (If possible, training venue should be 1st floor) -Accessible toilets -Emergency exit route Training Day 1 Session 1 Opening speech, training objectives and introduction ( 30 mins ) The facilitator begins the session by delivering the opening remarks and outlining the training objectives. Following this, there is a segment dedicated to introducing each participant by using icebreaking games, establishing classroom ground rules, and discussing participant expectations. The pretest session for each participant will include questionnaires covering various topics, such as types of barriers, the definition of disaster, information about early warning systems for persons with disabilities, accessibility, and inclusive participation. #Page 19 Session 2 Introduction to disability inclusion (30 mins ) The facilitator will use the powerpoint presentation on basic concept of disability inclusion. -What words or ideas comes into your mind when we say the word disability ? -What is disability? -Why do we talking about disability? -What are types of impairments? -What is inclusion? Session 3 Country law and policy (30 mins ) Overview on -UNCRPD -Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015 -Disaster Management Law -Myanmar Action Plan on Disaster Risk Reduction ( MAPDRR ) -The rights of person with disability law -National Strategic Plan on mainstreaming of Person with Disabilities Sources: https://social.desa.un.org/issues/disability/crpd/convention-on-the-rights-of-persons-with-disabilities-crpd https://themimu.info/sites/themimu.info/files/documents/Core_Doc_Myanmar_Action_Plan_on_Disaster_RiskReduction_2017.PDF #Page 20 https://www.myanmar-law-library.org/law-library/laws-and-regulations/laws/myanmar-laws-1988-until-now/union-solidarity-and-development-party-laws-2012-2016/myanmar-laws-2013/pyidaungsu-hluttaw-law-no-21-2013-natural-disaster-management-law-burmese-and.html Session 4 Social Model of disability and basic terminologies ( 30 mins ) -Models of disability (charity model, medical model, social model, right-based model) -Terminologies (do and don’t) Sources: https://www.unhcr.org/media/handout-2-models-disability https://www.ungeneva.org/sites/default/files/2021-01/Disability-Inclusive-Language-Guidelines.pdf Session 4 Barriers (30 mins) -Twin tract approach -Types of barriers (physical, attitudinal, communication, institutional) -Removal of barriers -Inclusion and Accessibility: -Conduct disability audits of infrastructure and facilities to identify and remove barriers. -Provide accessible transportation and evacuation routes. -Ensure that shelters are accessible and meet the specific needs of PWDs, such as providing private areas for people with psychosocial impairments. -Communication barrier: -Provide inclusive communication methods, such as sign language interpreters and accessible information formats. -Train rescue volunteers on sign language. -Discrimination and Stigma: -Raise awareness about the rights and capabilities of PWDs. -Promote inclusive policies, practices, and legislation. -Healthcare and Support: -Ensure that healthcare facilities are accessible to PWDs. -Provide a stockpile of medication, assistive devices, and other essential supplies for PWDs Sources: https://data.unhcr.org/en/documents/download/72248 #Page 21 Session 5 Myanmar disaster landscape, disaster and hazard (25 mins) -Myanmar disaster profile -Definition of disaster -Difinition of hazard -Definition of vulnerability -Definition of capacity -Definition of resilience Sources: https://themimu.info/sites/themimu.info/files/documents/Presentation_Climate_Environmental_Degradation_and_Disaster_Risk_MIMU_31May2023.pdf Session 6 DiDRR, DET related to DiDRR ( 120 mins ) -Understanding of DiDRR -Concept of disability equity training related to DiDRRSources: https://www.un.org/disabilities/documents/egms/2015/Kenji_Kuno_Change.pdf Training Day 2 Session 1 HCVA, CBDRR ( 45 mins ) -Basic concept of Disability Inclusive Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment HCVA -Community based Disaster Risk Reduction Sources: https://www.rcrc-resilience-southeastasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/3-HVCA-Manual-in-English.pdf #Page 22 Session 2 Risk analysis, Hazard Mapping ( 195 mins ) -Practical and group discussion session (Risk analysis, hazard mapping, CBDiDRR) Sources: https://www.rcrc-resilience-southeastasia.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/EN_TL_Disaster_Risk_Management_2page.pdf Session 3 Inclusive Early Warning system, Community action plan (Evacuation plan) (105 mins) -Early warning system and how important -Community action plan -Community evacuation plan Source: https://www.undrr.org/terminology/early-warning-system #Page 23 Training Day 3 Session 1 Presentation about the evacuation drill to all participants ( 165 mins ) Session 2 Community evacuation drill ( 110 mins ) Section 4 : Program for 3-5 day-training course on DIDRR in the participants ‘countries Overview program Day 1 -Introduction to Training objectives Pre-Test -Basic concept of Disability and Inclusion -Law and policies Social model of disability, -Types of barriers and removing barriers (Exercises for barriers identification ) -Disaster and Hazard, Myanmar Disaster landscape -Why disability inclusion is important in disaster risk reduction -Wrap up Day 2 -Recaps -Basic concept of Disability Inclusive Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment HCVA, Community based Disaster Risk Reduction -Risk analysis, Hazard Mapping -Group work activity for hazard mapping -Inclusive Early Warning system -Community action plan -Wrap up Day 3 -Recaps -Presentation about the evacuation drill to all participants -Evacuation Drill (Earthquake) -Wrap Up (Post Test, Evaluation form) #Page 24-27 Details of each session Day 1 Objective/To improve communication among participants and to know knowledge level of participants Key contents/Introduction session of each participant Period/9:00 AM- 9:30 AM Process on delivery/Games Material handout/Sticky Notes, forms Evaluation process/By all participants/Evaluation Tools : % of pretest result Objective/To strengthen the disability inclusion knowledge Key contents/Introduction to Disability inclusion Period/9:30 AM-10:00 AM Process on delivery/Presentation Material handout/Power point slide Evaluation process/By resource person (PWDs) Objective/To aware the country disability law and policy Key contents/Law and policies Period/10:00 AM-10:30 AM Process on delivery/Presentation Material handout/Power point slide Evaluation process/By local external government authorities, and resource person (PWDs) Objective/To aware of basic disability concept Key contents/Social Model of Disability, basic terminologies Period/10:45 AM-11:15 AM Process on delivery/Presentation Material handout/Power point slide Evaluation process/By resource person (PWDs) Objective/To strengthen the knowledge upon barriers faced by person with disabilities and understand how to remove the barriers Key contents/Barriers and removing barriers, Universal Designs, accessibility Period/11:15 AM-12:00 PM Process on delivery/Presentation Material handout/Power point slide Evaluation process/By resource person (PWDs) Objective/To aware the disaster landscape histories Key contents/Myanmar Disaster Landscape Period/1:00 PM-1:15 PM Process on delivery/Presentation Material handout/Power point slide Evaluation process/By resource person (PWDs) Objective/To aware the basic disaster concept Key contents/Disaster and Hazard Period/1:15 PM- 1:45 PM Process on delivery/Presentation Material handout/Power point slide Evaluation process/By resource person (PWDs) Objective/To aware the important of disability inclusion in Disaster Risk Reduction process Key contents/Why disability inclusion is important in disaster risk reduction, Disaster management policies Period/1:45 PM-2:30 PM Process on delivery/Presentation Material handout/Power point slide Evaluation process/By resource person (PWDs) Objective/To strengthen the knowledge on Disability Equity of Training Key contents/DET related to DIDRR/Wrap up Period/2:45 PM-4:00 PM/4:00 PM-4:15 PM Process on delivery/Presentation Material handout/Power point slide Evaluation process/By resource person (PWDs)/By resource person (PWDs) Day 2 Objective/To reflect the memories of previous day Key contents/Recaps session Period/9:00 AM-9:15 AM Process on delivery/ Material handout/ Evaluation process/By participants Objective/To understand the knowledge of DiDRR Key contents/Basic concept of Disability Inclusive Hazard Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment HCVA, Community based Disaster Risk Reduction Period/9:15 AM-10:00 AM Process on delivery/Presentation Material handout/Power point slide, video Evaluation process/By resource Objective/To understand the knowledge of DiDRR Key contents/Risk analysis, Hazard Mapping Period/10:15 AM-12:00 PM Process on delivery/Presentation Material handout/Power point slide, flip chart, White board Evaluation process/By resource person (PWDs), all participants Objective/To understand the knowledge of DiDRR Key contents/Group Discussion session for Disability Inclusive Community based disaster risk reduction Period/1:00 PM-2:30 PM Process on delivery/Group discussion and presentation of each group Material handout/ Evaluation process/By all participants Objective/To understand the important of early warning system Key contents/Inclusive Early Warning system Period/2:45 PM- 3:15 PM Process on delivery/Presentation Material handout/Power point slide, video Evaluation process/By resource person (PWDs) Objective/To improve the awareness on evacuation Key contents/Community action plan/Wrap up Period/3:15 PM-4:30 PM/4:30 PM-4:45 PM Process on delivery/Presentation and group discussion Material handout/Power point slide, video Evaluation process/By resource person (PWDs)/By resource person (PWDs) Objective/To reflect the memories of previous day Key contents/Recaps session Period/ Process on delivery/ Material handout/ Evaluation process/By all participants Objective/To aware of the disability inclusive Disaster Evacuation drill Key contents/Presenting about evacuation drill to all participants Period/9:15 AM-12:00 PM Process on delivery/ Material handout/Video presentation Evaluation process/By resource person (PWDs, rescue volunteers, local technical person) Objective/To strengthen the community resilience in case of disaster (earthquake) Key contents/Evacuation Drill (Earthquake)/Wrap Up (Evaluation form) Period/1:00 PM-4:30 PM/4:30 PM-4:45 PM Process on delivery/Practical session/Question and answers Material handout/Drill/Online Evaluation form Evaluation process/By all participants/By all participants #Page 27 Appendixes Training attendant sheet https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1iF1EHZy7gEOg045ogvOexJzOlIhBVfpd/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=116696067015267151365&rtpof=true&sd=true Training evaluation form https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Cid_VQeBmhkl6z5NylkSdM8Smx8EclQM/view?usp=sharing Checklist of necessary items https://docs.google.com/document/d/1WgRfBuLJFxvJtfm5OQpfxTH4AvR00cW0/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=116696067015267151365&rtpof=true&sd=true #Page 28 References -Arnold, M., McClain-Nhlapo, C., Raja, S. D., & Piccio, L. (2018). Five actions for disability-inclusive disaster risk management. -Chisty, M. A., Muhtasim, M., Biva, F. J., Dola, S. E. A., & Khan, N. A. (2022). Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) and disaster management policies in Bangladesh: How far we have come to make communities resilient? International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 76, 103039. -Hák, T., Janoušková, S., & Moldan, B. (2016). Sustainable Development Goals: A need for relevant indicators. Ecological indicators, 60, 565-573. -Nations, U. (2007). Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. European journal of health law, 14(3), 281-298. -ESCAP, U. (2014). Incheon strategy to" Make the Right Real" for persons with disabilities in Asia and the Pacific (Pocket version). -Marcyjanik, D., & Zorn, C. R. (2011). Accessibility in online nursing education for persons with disability. Nurse educator, 36(6), 241-245. -Carliner, S. (2015). Training design basics. Association for Talent Development. -Kuno, K. (2009). Disability equality training (DET): Potentials and challenges in practice in developing countries. Asia Pacific Disability Rehabilitation Journal, 20(1), 4-51. #Page 29 The UN ESCAP’s E-Learning Tool, “It is Our Responsibility,” focuses on incorporating disability perspectives to all phases of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR). It promotes awareness of Disability-Inclusive Disaster Risk Reduction (DiDRR) and urges the involvement of the whole society for the benefit of all. Over the 7 modules, the course offers fresh insights on disability and provides actionable recommendations for inclusive DRR practices. The tool targets DRR policy makers and professionals at all levels to develop and implement disability-inclusive policies with the meaningful participation of organizations of persons with disabilities. Course takers will receive an ESCAP certificate. #Page 32 * Accessible for Persons with Disabilities Asia-Pacific Development Center on Disability 255 Rajvithi Rd., Rajthevi, Bangkok 10400 Thailand Tel: +66-(0)-2354-7505 | Fax: +66-(0)-2354-7507 Email: info@apcdfoundation.org | Website: www.apcdfoundation.org